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India Standard Time (IST) is the official time zone of India and Nepal, and it is defined by the Indian government based on the 82.5 degree east meridian, which passes through Allahabad, a city in northern India.

The concept of time zones was first proposed by Sir Sandford Fleming in 1879, in which he suggested the division of the world into 24 time zones, each one covering 15 degrees of longitude. He proposed that each time zone should be offset by one hour from the time zone to its east and west, with the prime meridian (0 degree longitude) passing through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London, as the reference point.

This proposal was later adopted by most countries, including India, and the IST time zone is based on the Greenwich Meridian Time (GMT) system. The IST time zone is offset by UTC+05:30, which means it is 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead of GMT. This offset takes into account the longitudinal width of India and the fact that the country is nearly located on the 81.47 degree east longitude, which is close to the center of the time zone.

The Indian government officially recognizes and uses IST, and it is not adjusted for daylight saving changes, which means that the time in IST remains the same throughout the year. This allows for a stable and consistent time reference for the country, which is important for government and private organizations, schools, and businesses throughout India.

It's worth noting that India has multiple time zones, but Indian Standard Time is used throughout the country, with the exception of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, which are in the Indian Standard Time +06:00 time zone.

In conclusion, India Standard Time (IST) is based on the Greenwich Meridian Time (GMT) system, it is defined by the Indian government and is based on the 82.5 degree east meridian, it is offset by UTC+05:30, which means it is 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead of GMT, it is officially recognized and used by the Indian government and is not adjusted for daylight saving changes.